制作u盘ubuntu 20.04.5纯净版启动ec6109高安版

1,制作ubuntu 20.04.5纯净版的rootfs

全ubuntu 20.04.5官网制作的纯净版，只带vi、网络、openssh等软件，也可以自己在增加。

https://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-base/releases/20.04/release/ubuntu-base-20.04.5-base-armhf.tar.gz

载官方包

$mkdir ubuntu
$sudo tar -xpf ubuntu-base-20.04.5-base-armhf.tar.gz -C ubuntu/ 
$sudo apt-get install qemu-user-static $sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf ubuntu/etc/resolv.conf 
$sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static ubuntu/usr/bin/

改ubuntu/etc/apt/sources.list内容如下：

deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal universe 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates universe 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal multiverse 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates multiverse 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security universe 
deb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security multiverse

$sudo mount -o bind /proc ubuntu/proc 
$sudo mount -o bind /dev ubuntu/dev 
$sudo chroot ubuntu 
~# apt update 
~# apt install rsyslog systemd 
~# apt install sudo htop vim bash-completion 
~# apt install ssh net-tools ethtool ifupdown iputils-ping network-manager 
~# touch /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

如果dhcp，eth0内容如下：

auto eth0 
iface eth0 inet dhcp 
pre-up ifconfig eth0 hw ether 10:10:10:10:10:10

如果固定ip，eth0内容如下：

auto eth0 
iface eth0 inet static 
address 192.168.1.10 
netmask 255.255.255.0 
gateway 192.168.1.1 
dns-nameservers 223.5.5.5 
dns-nameservers 223.6.6.6 
pre-up ifconfig eth0 hw ether 10:10:10:10:10:20

ip地址根据自己情况修改。

~#echo "hi3798mv100" > /etc/hostname
~#echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >> /etc/hosts
~#echo "127.0.0.1 hi3798mv100" >> /etc/hosts

~#ln -s /lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service  /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
~#echo [Install] >> /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
~#echo WantedBy=multi-user.target >> /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
~#echo Alias=rc-local.service >> /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service

~#systemctl enable rc-local.service
~#systemctl stop motd-news.timer 
~#systemctl mask motd-news.timer 
~#systemctl stop motd-news.service
~#systemctl mask motd-news.service
~#systemctl stop networkd-dispatcher
~#systemctl mask networkd-dispatcher

修改root密码

~#passwd

允许root远程ssh

~#echo PermitRootLogin yes >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

~#exit

$sudo umount ubuntu/dev
$sudo umount ubuntu/proc

2,把自己做好的rootfs拷入u盘启动img镜像。
查看原img镜像分区

$ fdisk -l usb.img 
Disk usb.img: 1.84 GiB, 1973420032 bytes, 3854336 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xa3008cac

Device     Boot  Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
usb.img1   *      2048  206847  204800  100M  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
usb.img2        206848 3854335 3647488  1.7G 83 Linux

mount img内的rootfs分区

$sudo mkdir /mnt/usb
$sudo mount -o loop,offset=xxxxx  usb.img /mnt/usb

xxxxx为上面第二个分区start值206848*512=105906176

把刚才制作好的rootfs拷贝到img里面

$sudo rm -rf /mnt/usb/*
$ sudo cp -R ubuntu/* /mnt/usb/
$ sudo umount /mnt/usb

再把usb.img 写入 U盘，，再用u盘启动华为ec6109高安版，等待几分钟后就可以ssh到ec6109，
ec6109的网卡灯有可能不亮。可以ping看系统是否启动完成。